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M9550215.TXT
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1995-03-04
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Document 0215
DOCN M9550215
TI Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and breast milk. The
Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children.
DT 9505
SO Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1994 Aug;400:51-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/95135021
AB Major questions are whether mothers infected with the Human
Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmit the virus through breast
milk and the magnitude of the additional transmission risk. The
demonstration of a dose-response effect is an epidemiological method to
demonstrate causality. Thus, a study was carried out by the Italian
Register for HIV Infection in Children on 961 children of known
infection status. Duration of breast-feeding was considered as the level
of exposure in 168 ever breast-fed children. Results showed that
duration of practice significantly increased the risk of transmission.
The adjusted infection odds ratio for one day of breast- versus
exclusive formula-feeding was 1.19 with narrow confidence limits
(1.10-1.28). In a second study by the Register on 556 children of known
infection status and derived prospectively, an infection odds ratio of
2.55 (confidence interval: 1.03-6.37) was calculated in breast- versus
exclusively formula-fed children. Several lines of evidence, including
the above-mentioned data from the Italian Register for HIV Infection in
Children, showed a contribution of breast-feeding to mother-to-child
HIV-1 transmission. Thus, this practice is now discouraged in HIV-1
infected mothers living in industrialized societies where formula
feeding is practical and attainable. Mode of feeding was known in 2183
children enrolled in the Register and born to HIV-1 infected mothers
since 1981. It could be observed that feeding habits of at-risk infants
changed in Italy in the middle 1980s, when a large majority of subjects
was identified at birth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/EPIDEMIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY/
*TRANSMISSION/VIROLOGY Algorithms *Breast Feeding Comparative Study
Confidence Intervals *Disease Transmission, Vertical Dose-Response
Relationship, Immunologic Female Human *HIV-1 Immunity,
Maternally-Acquired *Infant Food Infant, Newborn Italy/EPIDEMIOLOGY
Milk, Human/*VIROLOGY *Mothers Odds Ratio Prospective Studies
*Registries Risk Factors Support, Non-U.S. Gov't JOURNAL ARTICLE
REVIEW REVIEW, MULTICASE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).